Test Banking – Chapter 09 Joints

Chapter 09 Joints

True / False Questions

1. An articulation is any point at which two bones meet. True   False

2. Bony joints are the most common type of joints.

True   False

3. Fibrous joints are joints, at which two bones are united by hyaline cartilage. True   False

4. Symphyses are the most common type of fibrous joints.

True   False

5. Synovial fluid is rich in albumin and hyaluronic acid, which give it a viscous texture similar to egg white. True   False

6. Bursae are structures associated with fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

True   False

7. The forearm acts as a third-class lever during flexion of the elbow. True   False

8. The shoulder is the only multiaxial, ball-and-socket joint in the human body.

True   False

9. Circumduction is limited to ball-and-socket joints. True   False

10. Hinge joints, such as the tibiofemoral joint, are monoaxial.

True   False

11. Under normal circumstances, the wrist can be hyperextended, but the elbow cannot. True   False

12. The coxal joint is a ball-and-socket joint, in which the head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

True   False

13. A meniscus is a type of bursa seen in the space between the femur and tibia.

True   False

14. The elbow has both pivot and hinge joints. True   False

15. The main stabilizer of the shoulder is the biceps brachii muscle.

True   False

Multiple Choice Questions

16. Which of the following is not a major joint category?

A. Elastic

B. Synovial

C. Cartilaginous

D. Fibrous

E. Bony

17. The joint between the first costal cartilage and the sternum, is a        , whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by joints.

A. syndesmosis; synovial

B. synchondrosis; synovial

C. synostosis; cartilaginous

D. synarthrosis; cartilaginous

E. symphysis; cartilaginous

18. Unlike other joints, a               does not join two bones to one another.

A. suture

B. syndesmosis

C. gomphosis

D. cartilaginous joint

E. bony joint

19. What do sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmoses have in common?

A. These are joints found only in the appendicular skeleton.

B. These are joints found only in the axial skeleton.

C. These are all bony joints.

D. These are all fibrous joints.

E. These are cartilaginous joints.

20. The joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a  .

A. suture

B. gomphosis

C. syndesmosis

D. synchondrosis

E. symphysis

21. The epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone in a child are bound by a .

A. synchondrosis

B. symphysis

C. serrate suture

D. lap suture

E. plane suture

22. Some joints become synostoses by replacing              with       .

 

 

A. fibers; cartilage

B. cartilage; fibers

C. bone; cartilage

D. bone; fibers

E. fibers; bone

23. The joint between the L2 and L3 vertebrae is a           .

A. synostosis

B. gomphosis

C. synchondrosis

D. symphysis

E. syndesmosis

24. The study of joint structure, function, and dysfunction is called           .

A. kinesiology

B. arthrology

C. osteology

D. biomechanics

E. synostology

25. Coronal, sagittal, and lambdoid are examples of         .

A. syndesmoses

B. gomphoses

C. serrate sutures

D. plane sutures

E. lap sutures

26. The joint between the left and right parietal bones is called the          .

A. lambdoid suture

B. sagittal suture

C. coronal suture

D. parietal joint

E. cranial joint

27. The least movable joints are                joints.

A. symphysis

B. synchondrosis

C. syndesmosis

D. gomphosis

E. synostosis

28. The most movable joints are               joints.

A. symphysis

B. synovial

C. syndesmosis

D. gomphosis

E. synchondrosis

29. Which of the following is not an anatomical component of a synovial joint?

A. Articular cartilage

B. The joint cavity

C. The interosseous membrane

D. The fibrous capsule

E. The synovial membrane

30. The smooth, connective tissue lining that covers the opposing bony surfaces of a synovial joint is called

 A. articular cartilage

B. a ligament

C. the fibrous capsule

D. a synovial membrane

E. the joint cavity

31. A(n)                is a sac of fluid associated with a synovial joint.

A. articular sac

B. synovial vesicle

C. bursa

D. meniscus

E. articular cavity

32. Which of the following is a first-class lever?

A. The humeroulnar joint

B. The talocrural joint

C. The knee joint

D. Any metacarpophalangeal joint

E. The atlanto-occipital joint

33. Which of the following is true regarding joints that are first-class levers?

A. Their mechanical advantage may be either greater or less than 1.0.

B. Their mechanical advantage is always less than 1.0.

C. Their output force is always greater than the input force.

D. Their resistance is between the joint (fulcrum) and the distal end of the bone (effort).

E. The joint (fulcrum) is at the opposite end from the tendinous attachment (effort).

34. Which of the following is not a factor that determines the range of motion of a joint?

A. The shapes of the bone surfaces

B. The length of the bone

C. The stiffness of the ligaments

D. The strength of the ligaments

E. The action of the muscles associated with the joint

35. One example of a multiaxial joint is the          joint.

A. proximal radioulnar

B. metatarsophalangeal

C. humeroulnar

D. humeroscapular

E. atlantoaxial

36. The proximal radioulnar joint is a       joint.

A. ball-and-socket

B. saddle

C. hinge

D. pivot

E. condylar

37. The union of the proximal and middle phalanges form            joints.

A. pivot

B. plane (gliding)

C. hinge

D. saddle

E. condylar (ellipsoid)

38. The metacarpophalangeal joints at the base of the fingers are            joints.

A. ball-and-socket

B. condylar

C. pivot

D. hinge

E. plane (gliding)

39. When you walk up the stairs, your hip and knee joints            to lift your body weight.

A. rotate

B. abduct

C. adduct

D. flex

E. extend

40. When you hold out your hands with the palms up,    your wrists will tip your palms toward you.

A. hyperextending

B. circumducting

C. rotating

D. flexing

E. abducting

41. Raising an arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi, is an example of             of the shoulder.

A. abduction

B. adduction

C. circumduction

D. rotation

E. protraction

42. Suppose you cup your hands to hold some water. To limit the amount of leaking through your hands, this action would most likely require          .

A. pronation of the forearm

B. circumduction of the wrists

C. opposition of the thumb

D. abduction of the fingers

E. adduction of the fingers

43. While standing, looking up at the stars requires          .

A. elevation of the mandible

B. extension of the neck

C. hyperextension of the neck

D. abduction of the neck

E. dorsiflexion of the neck

44. If you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing                at the ankle.

A. plantar flexion

B. abduction

C. opposition

D. dorsiflexion

E. eversion

45. With the elbow and wrist extended, painting a circle on a canvas requires     of the shoulder.

A. rotation

B. circumduction

C. extension

D. flexion

E. elevation

46. When doing a pushup, your shoulders            as your body is pushed upward.

A. protract

B. retract

C. supinate

D. hyperextend

E. elevate

47. A monoaxial joint, like the elbow, is capable of which one of the following movements?

A. Circumduction

B. Supination and pronation

C. Flexion and extension

D. Rotation

E. Abduction

48. Raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you, requires              of the shoulder.

A. abduction

B. adduction

C. extension

D. flexion

E. elevation

49. Showing your palm to someone who is in front of you, as if to tell them “Stop,” requires        .

A. dorsiflexion of the hand

B. hyperextension of the wrist

C. abduction of the wrist

D. flexion of the wrist

E. hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joints

50. To tip the soles of the feet medially, so they face each other, requires            . Tipping them out laterally so they face away from each other is               .

A. dorsiflexion; plantar flexion

B. inversion; eversion

C. medial excursion; lateral excursion

D. opposition; reposition

E. retraction; protraction

51. The temporomandibular joint is a(n)                joint.

A. osseous

B. cartilaginous

C. bony

D. fibrous

E. synovial

52. The jaw joint is the articulation of the              and the                .

A. mandible; temporal bone

B. mandible; sphenoid bone

C. mandible; zygomatic bone

D. mandible; maxilla

E. maxilla; zygomatic

 

53. The rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides except           , which partly explains the nature of most shoulder dislocations.

A. anteriorly

B. posteriorly

C. superiorly

D. inferiorly

E. medially

54. Which of the following structures is not found in the shoulder?

A. The glenohumeral ligament

B. The transverse humeral ligament

C. The coracohumeral ligament

D. The radioulnar ligament

E. The rotator cuff

55. The bursa is not an accessory structure of the glenohumeral joint.

A. subdeltoid

B. subcoracoid

C. subpatellar

D. subacromial

E. subscapular

56. Radial (lateral) and ulnar (medial) collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movements ofthe                joint.

A. shoulder

B. elbow

C. wrist

D. hip

E. knee

57. The is not found in the elbow.

A. humeroulnar joint

B. humeroradial joint

C. proximal radioulnar joint

D. distal radioulnar joint

E. anular ligament

58. Which of the following is the most stable joint?

A. Coxal joint

B. Glenohumeral joint

C. Tibiofemoral joint

D. Humeroulnar joint

E. Humeroradial joint

59. Which of the following is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

A. The hip

B. The knee

C. The elbow

D. The shoulder

E. The wrist

60. The deepens the socket of the hip joint and helps stabilize the joint.

A. fovea capitis

B. greater trochanter

C. lesser trochanter

D. acetabular labrum

E. ischial tuberosity

61. The is not part of the tibiofemoral joint.

A. lateral meniscus

B. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

C. tibial (medial) collateral ligament

D. fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

E. posterior tibiofibular ligament

62. The ligament that attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the fibula is called the   .

A. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

B. posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

C. fibular (lateral) collateral ligament (LCL)

D. tibial (medial) collateral ligament (MCL)

E. patellar ligament

63. The fibrocartilage pad between the medial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia is called the       .

A. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

B. posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

C. infrapatellar bursa

D. medial meniscus

E. lateral meniscus

64. Which of the following structures prevents knee hyperextension?

A. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

B. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

C. The fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

D. The medial meniscus

E. The lateral meniscus

65. The talocrural joint is formed by the union of the       , the       , and the              .

A. femur; calcaneus; talus

B. femur; tibia; patella

C. tibia; fibula; talus

D. tibia; fibula; calcaneus

E. tibia; calcaneus; talus

True / False Questions

66. A synostosis is the most moveable type of joint. True   False

67. A joint with mechanical advantage greater than 1.0 has increased speed.

True   False