Straighterline BIO250 Graded Exam 1

Question 1 Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient flow?

Select one:

 a. Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth’s interior

 b. Formation of greenhouse gases, CO2 and methane

 c. Digestion of complex carbohydrates in animal diets

 d. Decomposition of dead matter and wastes

Question 2Characteristics shared by all cells include

Select one:

 a. a membrane serving as a cell boundary.

 b. the possession of genetic information.

 c. the presence of cellular fluid.

 d. All of the choices are .

Question 3A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified and their precise concentrations known and reproducible is termed ______.

Select one:

 a. complex

 b. reducing

 c. enriched

 d. defined

Question 4All of the following pertain to the atom Carbon-14 except it

Select one:

 a. has 6 protons.

 b. has 6 electrons.

 c. has 14 neutrons.

 d. is an isotope of carbon.

Question 5All of the following pertain to the fluorescence microscope except

Select one:

 a. it uses electrons to produce a specimen image.

 b. it is a type of compound microscope.

 c. it requires the use of dyes like acridine or fluorescein.

 d. it is used to diagnose certain infections.

 e. it requires an ultraviolet radiation source.

Question 6 The  microbiological term for the sample of specimen that is put into a nutrient medium to produce a culture is ______.

Select one:

 a. colony

 b. inoculum

 c. streak

 d. loop

Question 7ATP differs from the nucleotides found in DNA in the

Select one:

 a. sugar portion of the molecule.

 b. use of phosphate instead of sulfate in the backbone.

 c. use of phosphorus in the nitrogenous base portion of the molecule.

 d. use of adenosine instead of adenine.

 e. use of uracil in the nitrogenous base portion of the molecule.

Question 8The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules is the ______.

Select one:

 a. prostaglandins

 b. waxes

 c. phospholipids

 d. steroids

 e. triglycerides

Question 9Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.

Select one:

 a. carbon

 b. nitrogen

 c. oxygen

 d. hydrogen

 e. phosphorous

Question 10The wavelength of light used and the numerical aperture governs ______.

Select one:

 a. illumination

 b. resolution

 c. magnification

 d. size of the field

 e. contrast

Question 11Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity are ______.

Select one:

 a. covalent

 b. nonpolar

 c. electrons

 d. electrolytes

 e. solvents

Question 12Hydrogen bonds

Select one:

 a. result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bonds.

 b. result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bonds.

 c. result from attractive forces between molecules with nonpolar covalent bonds.

 d. result from attractive forces between molecules with nonpolar ionic bonds.

 e. are the strongest bonds between molecules.

Question 13Organisms called parasites are ______.

Select one:

 a. always harmful to their host

 b. the decomposers in ecosystems

 c. always viruses

 d. free-living

Question 14Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of ______.

Select one:

 a. biotechnology

 b. bioremediation

 c. decomposition

 d. immunology

 e. epidemiology

Question 15The first cells appeared about ___ billion years ago.

Select one:

 a. 5

 b. 4.5

 c. 3.5

 d. 2

 e. 1

Question 16Which of the following is NOT a recent discovery that has had a huge impact on the understanding of microbiology?

Select one:

 a. Restriction enzymes

 b. PCR technique

 c. Biofilms

 d. Small RNAs

 e. All are significant discoveries.

Question 17The three physical forms of laboratory media are ______.

Select one:

 a. solid, liquid, and gas

 b. solid, semisolid, and liquid

 c. a streak plate, a pour plate, and a broth

 d. reducing, transport, and enumeration

Question 18A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea

Select one:

 a. as the original cells from which the others derived.

 b. branching off the Domain Eukarya.

 c. branching off the Domain Bacteria.

Question 19Thioglycolate medium contains the following: yeast extract, pancreatic digest of casein, glucose, L-cysteine, sodium chloride, sodium thioglycolate, and agar.  It is considered a complex medium because

Select one:

 a. both yeast extract and pancreatic digest of casein are not chemically defined.

 b. it has multiple ingredients for a broad range of nutrients.

 c. depending on their oxygen utilization pattern, organisms will grow differently on it.

 d. thioglycolate has a carbon-sulfur bond that many microbes cannot break enzymatically.

Question 20Caring for patients infected with a new virus requires safety precautions for medical personnel.  Choosing appropriate procedures is an example of a(n) ______ process.

Select one:

 a. deductive

 b. inductive

 c. hypothetical

 d. pathogenic