Rasmussen NUR2407 Pharmacology Quiz 2 Latest 2019 November

NUR2407 Pharmacology

Pharmacology Quiz 2

•             Question 1          The nurse assumes care of a patient who has myasthenia gravis and notes that a dose of neostigmine (Prostigmin) due 1 hour prior was not given. The nurse will anticipate the patient to exhibit which symptoms?                                               

Answers:             Excessive salivation

                Muscle spasms

Muscle weakness

                Respiratory paralysis     

•             Question 2          A patient who has been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder will begin taking venlafaxine (Effexor). The nurse who performs a medication and dietary history will be concerned about ingestion of which substance or drug?                                              

Answers:             Grapefruit juice

                Oral hypoglycemic drug

                Coffee   

St. John’s wort                 

•             Question 3          The nurse is caring for a patient who has multiple sclerosis. The patient is experiencing an acute attack. Which drug does the nurse anticipate the provider will order?                                    

Answers:             Mitoxantrone (immunosuppressant)

                Glatiramer acetate (immunomodulator)

                Atropine (anticholinergic)

Methylprednisolone (corticosteroid)                     

•             Question 4          The nurse provides teaching for a patient who will begin taking phenytoin. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?                                       

Answers:             “If I experience bleeding gums, I should stop taking the medication immediately.”

 “I should not be alarmed if my urine turns reddish-brown.”

                “If I develop a rash, I should take diphenhydramine to control the itching.”

                “I may develop diabetes while I am taking this medication.”

•             Question 5          A patient has been taking sertraline (Zoloft) 20 mg/mL oral concentrate, 1 mL daily for several weeks and reports being unable to sleep well. What will the nurse do next?                                      

Answers:             Recommend asking the provider about weekly dosing.

Ask the patient what time of day the medication is taken.

                Suggest that the patient request a lower dose.

                Counsel the patient to take the medication at bedtime.               

•             Question 6          The nurse provides teaching to a patient who will begin taking cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) to treat muscle spasms. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?                                

Answers:             “I may experience dizziness and drowsiness when I take this drug.”

                “I should not consume alcohol while taking this medication.”

 “I will take this medication for 3 weeks and then stop taking it.”

                “I should take this medication with food to decrease stomach upset.”   

•             Question 7          The nurse is teaching a patient who will begin taking butabarbital (Butisol). What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?                                  

Answers:             “You will not experience a hangover effect.”

 “Avoid alcohol while taking this drug.”

                “This drug may be used long term.”

                “This medication will take effect immediately.” 

•             Question 8          An older patient exhibits a shuffling gait, lack of facial expression, and tremors at rest. The nurse will expect the provider to order which medication for this patient?                                       

Answers:             Cyclobenzaprine (central acting muscle relaxant) 

Carbidopa-levodopa (Dopaminergic)

                Rivastigmine (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

                Phenelzine sulfate (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor [MAOI])        

•             Question 9          The nurse is developing a teaching plan for an elderly patient who will begin taking a tricyclic antidepressant drug that causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this patient?              

Answers:              

Risk for injury related to side effects of the medication

                Ineffective health maintenance related to age

                Readiness for enhanced knowledge related to medication side effects

                Deficient knowledge related to drug side effects             

•             Question 10        A patient has begun taking buspirone hydrochloride (BuSpar) 7.5 mg twice daily to treat acute anxiety and calls 1 week later to report little change in symptoms. What will the nurse tell the patient? 

Answers:             “Notify the provider and request an order for another anxiolytic.”

 “Therapeutic effects may not be evident for another week.”

                “The provider may need to increase the dose to 15 mg twice daily.”

                “Stop taking the drug and notify the provider that it doesn’t work.”        

•             Question 11        A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client whose family reports that she had taken an overdose of diazepam. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available to reverse the CNS depression caused by this drug?                                              

Answers:             Ondasteron (Zofran)

                Magnesium sulfate

Flumazanil (Romazicon)

                Protamine sulfate           

•             Question 12        A nurse recognizes that the actions of benzodiazepines include which of the following benefits? (Select all that apply.)                                   

Answers:              

Sleep facilitation                

Relief of general anxiety                

Suppression of seizures and/or seizure activity

                Reversal of Parkinsonism

                Improvement of muscle coordination   

•             Question 13        A 25-year-old female patient will begin taking phenytoin for epilepsy. The patient tells the nurse she is taking oral contraceptives (OCPs). Which response will the nurse give?                                     

Answers:             “You should stop taking OCPs because of drug-drug interactions with phenytoin.”

                “Continue taking OCPs because phenytoin is not safe during pregnancy.”

                “You should take low-dose aspirin while taking these medications to reduce your risk of stroke.”

 “You should use a backup method of contraception along with OCPs.”

•             Question 14        The nurse is preparing to administer intramuscular haloperidol (Haldol) to a patient who has schizophrenia. What action will the nurse perform?                                        

Answers:             Teach the patient to return every week to receive medication doses.

Use the Z-track method and inject the medication into deep muscle tissue.

                Use a small-bore needle when injecting the medication.

                Massage the site after injecting the medication to ensure complete absorption.

•             Question 15        The nurse is assessing a young adult patient with schizophrenia who recently began taking fluphenazine (Prolixin). The patient is exhibiting spasms of facial muscles along with grimacing, and the nurse notes upward eye movements. The nurse suspects which side effect?                                              

Answers:              

Acute dystonia

                Pseudoparkinsonism

                Akathisia

                Tardive dyskinesia

•             Question 16        A nursing student asks the nurse to differentiate the pathology of Alzheimer disease from that of Parkinson disease. Which description is correct?                                              

Answers:             Alzheimer disease involves a possible excess of acetylcholine and neuritic plaques.

Parkinson disease is characterized by an imbalance of dopamine and acetylcholine.

                Alzheimer disease is caused by decreased amounts of dopamine and degeneration of cholinergic neurons.

                Parkinson disease involves increased dopamine production and decreased acetylcholine.

•             Question 17        Which teaching point is correct with respect to the concept of “tolerance”?                        

Answers:             Tolerance is a state where people become used to pain, and therefore need less pain medicine.

In tolerance, larger doses are needed to achieve prior effects because a body learns to push back.

                Tolerance occurs in slow metabolizers. Slow metabolism leads to prolonged sedation.

                Tolerance occurs in slow metabolizers. Slow metabolism leads to prolonged sedation.   

•             Question 18        Which statement regarding the blood-brain barrier demonstrates a need for further teaching?                                

Answers:             “It can protect the brain from potentially toxic substance injuries.”

                “It can be a significant obstacle to entry of therapeutic agents.”

                “It is not fully developed at birth.”

 “It lets in therapeutic agents in but filters out everything else.”

•             Question 19        A patient who has been diagnosed with depression asks why the provider has not ordered a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor to treat the disorder. The nurse will explain to the patient that MAO inhibitor                        

Answers:             are more expensive than other antidepressants.

                can cause profound hypotension. 

require strict dietary restrictions.

                are no longer approved for treating depression.

•             Question 20        A nurse is taking a history on a client admitted for medication related syncope. Which of these comments from the client needs to be reported to the physician? (Select all that apply)                                               

Answers:             “I just gave you my medication list the last time I was here. Nothing’s changed! Look it up!”

 “I’m taking an herbal supplements to help me sleep, but nothing else is changed.”

 “I’m taking over-the-counter substitutes for the medicines I can’t afford.”           

“I get my medicines over the internet, so I never run out of medicine. It’s cheaper”

                “I wish I didn’t have to bother the doctor every time I need a medication refill.

                “My cardiologist never orders anything. He just tells my regular doctor what to order.”