nurs6501n and nurs6501 latest 2022 novembr exam 94 grades all 100 answers

NURS-6501N-23/NURS-6501C-23-Advanced Pathophysiology-2022-Fall-QTR-Term-wks-1-thru-11-(08/29/2022-11/13/2022)-PT27

Question 1

A health care professional is caring for a patient admitted to the hospital with severe anorexia. What action by the health care professional would be most important?

 

              Ensuring the patient is on a cardiac monitor

 

              Facilitating laboratory testing of electrolytes                    

 

              Arranging a psychiatry consultation            

 

              Assessing the patient’s favorite foods         

Question 2

John, 64, reports that he has a severe curvature of his penis which occurred all at once. He is involved in vigorous athletic activities 4-5 days per week and does not recall an injury during his activities, only that he awoke with a painful curved erection and shortened erection. The nurse practitioner knows that:

 

              Peyronie’s disease self-limiting and will go away on its own.

 

              Peyronie’s disease is an inflammatory condition, resulting in noncompliant fibrous nodules in the tunica albuginea.

 

              Peyronie’s disease only occurs as a result of microvascular trauma. All activities should be avoided for 4-6 weeks, to allow for healing.

 

              Peyronie’s disease results from an abnormality in arterial inflow, resulting in venous leakage at the site of veno-occlusion.

Question 3

A severely malnourished patient is in the hospital to improve nutrition. On the second day, the patient reports palpitations and difficulty breathing. After placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, what action does the health care professional take next?

 

              Take the patient’s temperature.

 

              Have lab drawn for electrolyte levels.

 

              Cancel the patient’s next meal.

 

              Facilitate a chest x-ray.

Question 4

What is the primary pathologic alteration resulting from ankylosing spondylitis (AS)?

 

              Inflammation of the bursa     

 

              Inflammation of the long bones                  

 

              Inflammation of fibrocartilaginous joints of the vertebrae

 

              Inflammation of the small hand and feet bones      

Question 5

Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information?

 

              Archeospinothalamic             

 

              Paleospinothalamic                

 

              Dorsal spinothalamic             

 

              Lateral spinothalamic            

Question 6

A patient is 8 hours postoperative after a long orthopedic procedure. The student asks why this patient is at particular risk of developing a thromboembolism. What response by the healthcare professional is best?

 

              Patients tend to have venous stasis from orthopedic operations.

 

              Anesthetic agents often cause an immune response against clotting factors.

 

              Endothelial damage occurs and repair is slowed by postoperative pain.

 

              Atherosclerotic build up causes turbulent blood flow leading to clots.

Question 7

In which stage of syphilis would the following clinical manifestations be found: destructive skin, bone and soft tissue lesions, aneurysms, heart failure, and neurosyphilis?

 

              Primary                                  

 

              Secondary                             

 

              Latent

 

              Tertiary

Question 8

A student studying osteomyelitis and asks for an explanation of the term sequestrum. What response by the professor is best?

 

              An area of devascularized and devitalized bone              

 

              An enzyme that phagocytizes necrotic bone

 

              A subperiosteal abscess         

 

              A layer of new bone surrounding the infected bone        

Question 9

Which mother does the healthcare professional prepare to administer Rh immune globulin (Rho-GAM) to?

 

              Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative

 

              Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive

 

              Has type A blood and the fetus has type O

 

              Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B

Question 10

A child has iron deficiency anemia. In addition to iron supplements, what else does the healthcare professional educate the parents on giving the child?

 

              Vitamin A                              

 

              Magnesium                            

 

              Vitamin C                              

 

              Zinc   

Question 11

A healthcare professional is planning a community event to reduce risk of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in high risk groups. Which group would the professional target as the priority?

 

              Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus               

 

              Hypertension                         

 

              Polycythemia                         

 

              Smoking                                

Question 12

Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain?

 

              Gate control theory (GCT)    

 

              Pattern theory                        

 

              Specificity theory                  

 

              Neuromatrix theory

Question 13

Bronchiolitis tends to occur during the first years of life and is most often caused by what type of infection?

 

              Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)               

 

              Influenza virus                      

 

              Adenoviruses                         

 

              Rhinovirus                             

Question 14

What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?

 

              Globulin                                 

 

              Albumin                                

 

              Clotting factors                     

 

              Complement proteins            

Question 15

The APRN is assessing a patient that has monotone speech and unchanged facial expressions even though he states he is happy and excited about his life.   This is an example of:

 

              Delusion

 

              Hallucination

 

              Anhedonia

 

              Pressured speech

uestion 16

A patient in the hospital has been receiving heparin injections. The platelet count on admission was 222,000/mm 3 and four days later is 113,000/mm 3. What action by the healthcare professional is best?

 

              Prepare to transfuse the patient with platelets.

 

              Do nothing; this is an expected side effect.

 

              Switch the heparin to lepirudin                   

 

              Stop all the patient’s medications.

Question 17

A child has phenylketonuria (PKU). The healthcare professional educates the parents on the special diet needed, telling them that children with PKU are unable to synthesize what?

 

              Essential amino acid, phenylalanine, to tyrosine               

 

              Renin, erythropoietin, and antidiuretic hormone              

 

              Aldosterone, cortisol, and androgens          

 

              Neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine

Question 18

A healthcare professional is trying to lower a patient’s body temperature by convection. What action by the professional will accomplish this?

 

              Lower the temperature in the patient’s room.

 

              Place the patient in a cooling blanket.

 

              Obtain a fan and set it to blow over the patient.

 

              Place cold moist towels over the patient.

Question 19

What are the clinical manifestations of testicular cancer?

 

              Firm, nontender testicular mass                   

 

              Painful, mobile, firm testicular mass           

 

              Painful fluid-filled testicular mass              

 

              Soft, nontender testicular mass                   

Question 20

Which condition is consistent with the cardiac defect of transposition of the great vessels?

 

              The aorta arises from the right ventricle.

 

              The pulmonary trunk arises from the right ventricle.

 

              The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.

 

              An intermittent murmur is present.

Question 21

What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle?

 

              Gradual decrease in estrogen levels            

 

              Sudden increase of LH         

 

              Sharp rise in progesterone levels                 

 

              Gradual increase in estrogen levels          

Question 22

A woman attempting to conceive tells the healthcare professional that she and her partner have intercourse when her basal body temperature (BBT) is around 37?C (98?F) without getting pregnant. What information does the professional give the woman?

 

              Maybe you need a fertility workup.

 

              That’s a normal temperature, but during ovulation BBT decreases.

 

              Temperature alone is not the most accurate way to predict ovulation.

 

              BBT rises consistently above 37.8″1eC (100″1eF) with ovulation.

Question 23

Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom?

 

              Excessive mucus production 

 

              Elevated blood glucose levels

 

              Low sodium content in perspiration            

 

              Abnormally thin exocrine secretions           

Question 24

A patient is in the intensive care unit and has intercranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. The patient’s ICP is 17 mmHg. The healthcare professional notes that the chart indicates the patient is now in stage 1 intracranial hypertension. What assessment finding does the professional associate with this condition?

 

              Rapid spike in measured ICP

 

              No significant change in ICP readings       

 

              Restlessness and subtle breathing and pupil changes        

 

              A widened pulse pressure and bradycardia

Question 25

What is the role of thromboxane A (TXA 2) in the secretion stage of hemostasis?

 

              Stimulates the synthesis of serotonin.

 

              Promotes vasodilation.

 

              Stimulates platelet aggregation.

 

              Promotes formation of cyclooxygenase.

Question 26

When examining a male age 50 and older, the Nurse Practitioner should know that:

 

              It is not necessary to perform a DRE if the PSA is normal.

 

              It is not necessary to perform a PSA if the DRE is normal.

 

              The DRE and PSA should be performed.

 

              The Nurse Practitioner can use her discretion until age 60.

Question 27

A patient has pernicious anemia and asks the healthcare professional to explain the disease. Which statement by the professional is most accurate?

 

              The lack of certain foods in your diet         

 

              Your body cannot absorb vitamin B 12.

 

              You are not getting enough vitamin C.

 

              Your bone marrow has stopped working.

Question 28

Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis?

 

              Premenstrual syndrome         

 

              Abnormal uterine bleeding    

 

              Polycystic ovary syndrome   

 

              Primary dysmenorrhea          

Question 29

To quickly assess a patient’s nervous system for dysfunction, what assessment should the healthcare professional perform as the priority?

 

              Size and reactivity of pupils  

 

              Pattern of breathing               

 

              Motor response                      

 

              Level of consciousness          

Question 30

A healthcare professional is seeing a patient with suspected schizophrenia. For which prenatal occurrence should the professional assess?

 

              Viral infection                        

 

              Maternal depression              

 

              Maternal smoking                  

 

              Exposure to toxic waste        

Question 31

Abnormalities in brain development related to schizophrenia are thought to develop when?

 

 

              Prenatal

 

              Infancy

 

              Early Childhood

 

              Adolescent

Question 32

A child has osteosarcoma and the healthcare team is assessing for metastases. What diagnostic study would be the priority?

 

              Pancreatic enzyme analysis   

 

              Liver biopsy                          

 

              Chest x-ray or CT scan          

 

              Brain MRI              

Question 33

What is the effect of low plasma albumin?

 

              Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding.       

 

              Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function.

 

              Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia.

 

              Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium.

Question 34

A patient reports frequent nightmares. For which of these should the healthcare professional assess the patient?

 

              A recent major loss                

 

              Family history of nightmares

 

              History of traumatic event    

 

              Poor nutrition and weight loss                     

Question 35

A patient has been exposed to prolonged high environmental temperatures and now shows signs of dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia. What treatment does the healthcare professional prepare to administer to this patient?

 

              Administer salty beverages to the patient.

 

              Aggressive cooling methods to rapidly lower temperature

 

              Encourage the patient to have genetic testing after recovery.

 

              Give the patient plenty of cool fluids to drink.

Question 36

A patient has polycythemia vera and presents to the Emergency Department with plethora and neurological changes. The student asks the healthcare professional to explain the primary cause of these symptoms. What response by the professional is best?

 

              Decrea