NSG5003 All Weeks Knowledge Checks Latest 2019 April Question # 00601970 Course Code : NSG5003 Subject: Health Care Due on: 06/05/2019 Posted On: 06/05/2019 04:25 AM Tutorials: 1 Rating: 4.8/5

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 1 Knowledge Check

Question 1 An
organelle that is responsible for metabolism of cellular energy is referred to
which of the following cell structures?

Question 1
options:

A) Golgi complex

B) Mitochondrion

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Nucleolus

Question 2 Which
of the following options is a chemical agent that causes cell injury?

Question 2
options:

A) Radiation

B) Hypoxia

C) Bacteria

D) Poison

Question 3
Breast changes of a girl in puberty or of a pregnant woman describe which type
of cellular adaptation?

Question 3
options:

A) Hypertrophy

B) Dysplasia

C) Hyperplasia

D) Metaplasia

Question 4 An
active process of programed cellular self-destruction (cell death) describes
which of the following cell functions

Question 4
options:

Apoptosis

Necrosis

Adaptation

Fragmentation

Question 5 When
extracellular fluid is hypotonic what is the resulting impact on the cell?

Question 5
options:

A) Cell swelling

B) No change in cell size

C) Cell shrinkage

D) Cell death

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 2 Knowledge Check

Question 1 The
immune response is characterized by the activation of which two types of
immunocytes?

Question 1
options:

A) T cells
and cytokin

B) B cells
and T cells

C) IgG and
IgE

D)
Neutrophils and macrophages

Question 2 The
chief functions of antibodies are to protect the host by which of following
mechanisms?

Question 2
options:

A) Blocking
phagocytosis

B)
Neutralizing bacterial toxins

C)
Inactivating the inflammatory process

D)
Absorbing antigens

Question
3

What is the
term used to describe phagocyte function that causes them to stick to capillary
and venule walls

Question 3
options:

A)
Diapedesis

B)
Phagocytosis

C)
Exudation

D)
Margination

Allergens
are antigens that cause allergic responses, true or false?

Question 4
options:

True

False

Here are
four types of hypersensitivity disorders. Which of the following is the most
common and characterized by an immediate reaction?

Question 5
options:

A) Type I

B) Type II

C) Type II

D)
Type IV

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 3 Knowledge Check

Question 1 Which
of the following is a true statement about genes?

Question 1
options:

A) Genes are structures within
chromosomes of each cell that contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

B) Genes are messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)

C) Genes are cells that determine gender
during fertilization

D) Genes are antibodies that promote
disease

Question 2 Which
of the following is the major cause of death from cancer?

Question 2
options:

A) Infection

B) Hemorrhage

C) Pain

D) Metastasis

Question 3 Which
of the following statements is true with respect to the stages of cancer?

Question 3
options:

A) Stage 1 represents a poor prognosis

B) Localized cancer is a stage 4

C) Benign tumors are stage 2

D) Cancer that has spread regionally is a
stage 3

Question 4
Mutations in _______ can result in uncontrolled and increased cellular
replication.

A) DNA

B) RNA

C) Oncogene

D) Chromosome

Question 5
Leukopenia is the result of chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer.
This condition causes which of the following complications?

Question 5
options:

A) Anemia

B) Cachexia

C) Blood clots

D) Infection

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 4 Knowledge Check

Question 1 Hypertension
is the elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure as a result of increase in
total peripheral resistance and ___________?

Question 1
options:

Decrease
venous return

Increased
cardiac output

Decreased
oxygen perfusion

Increased
heart rate

Question 2High
cholesterol accelerates atherosclerotic and atheromatic process which results
in an increased risk of which event?

Question 2
options:

Ischemic
stroke

Liver
failure

Myocardial
infarction

Deep vein
thrombosis

Question 3
What mechanism is responsible for weight gain and edema in patients with heart
failure?

Question 3
options:

Increased
aldosterone levels

Decreased
angiotensin level

Decreased
vascular resistance

Decreased
renin levels

Question 4 What
does the EKG show in prinzmetal angina?

Question 4
options:

ST segment
depression

Absent P
waves

Prolonged
PR interval

ST segment
elevation

Question 5 A
diastolic murmur, accentuated first heart sound and opening snap are
characteristic of which valvular dysfunction?

Question 5
options:

Aortic
stenosis

Mitral
stenosis

Tricuspid
regurgitation

Aortic regurgitation

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 5 Knowledge Check

Question 1 Which
statement best describes the major characteristic of bronchiolitis?

Question 1
options:

Destruction
of lung parenchyma and collapse of distal airways

Obstruction
by eosinophilic mucous plugs in the upper airway

Widespread inflammation
of the bronchioles

Extensive
constriction of the bronchioles

Question 2 Which
of the following physiologic abnormalities is characteristic of emphysema?

Question 2
options:

Extensive
inflammation of the lower airways

Trapping of
air in distal air sacs

Widespread
occurrence of bronchial plugs

collapse of
proximal airways

Question 3 Which
of the following describes an asthma that is common in children and
adolescents, with bronchospasm occurring within 3 minutes of activity?

Question 3
options:

Occupational-induced

Drug-induced

Exercise-induced

Cardiac-induced

Question 4 Which
of the following values is consistent with acute respiratory failure?

Question 4
options:

PaO2 of 100
mmHg

PaCO2 of 40
mmHg

pH less
than 7.3

pH greater
than 7.6

Question 5 What
is the most life-threatening type of croup usually caused by Haemophilus
influenzae?

Question 5
options:

Respiratory
distress syndrome

Epiglottitis

Cystic
fibrosis

Bronchiolitis

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 6 Knowledge Check

Question 1

Both iron
and folate are vital to meet both the woman’s needs and those of the developing
baby. They play an active role in the development of:

Question 1
options:

A) Erythrocytes

B) Leukocytes

C) Neutrophils

D) Platelets

Within the
first year of life, it is normal for a childs:

Question 2
options:

A) Reticulocyte count to rise

B) Platelet count to fall

C) Lymphocyte count to rise

D) Eosinophil count to fall

Question 3

A
63-year-old woman with diabetes notes that she has a general feeling of
tiredness and a loss of appetite. The physician collects a CBC in addition to
normal diabetic laboratory tests. The results indicate an anemia, and she is
referred to a hematologist. The hematologist reviews her laboratory findings
and begins to explain her diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia. Further testing
indicates that the woman suffers from a vitamin B12 deficiency or PA. This
condition is often associated with:

Question 3 options:

A) Chronic gastritis

B) Thalassemia

C) Iron Deficiency

D) Inadequate dietary intake

Question 4

The
treatment for iron overload is

Question 4
options:

A) Vitamin C supplements

B) Phlebotomy

C) Aspirin

D) Plasmapheresis

DIC is
secondary to a wide variety of well-defined clinical conditions, specifically
those that activate the clotting cascade. The clotting may result in the
consumption of platelets, and clotting factors may lead to severe bleeding that
is caused by:

Question 5
options:

A) Endothelial damage

B) Lack of thrombin production

C) Increased synthesis of thrombomodulin

D) Platelet activation

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 7 Knowledge Check

Question 1

In the
digestive system, the stomach is stimulated by eating to produce large volumes
of gastric secretions. The secretion that is responsible for converting
pepsinogen to pepsin and acts as a bactericide against swallowed organisms is:

Question 1
options:

A) Gastroferrin

B) Hydrochloric acid

C) Intrinsic factor

D) Chymotrypsin

Question 2

The enteric
nervous system regulates intestinal motility. Of the two movements that promote
motility, the one that occurs more frequently is:

Question 2
options:

A) Segmentation

B) Peristalsis

C) Vagal stimulation

D) Neural reflex

Question 3

A
31-year-old woman visits a gastroenterologist’s office with complaints of
diarrhea. The stool is bloody with mucous. Although the sample will be sent to
a laboratory for analysis, the gastroenterologist suggests an endoscopy and
histologic studies of biopsied tissue. She discusses the possible diagnoses,
among them Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. The type of diarrhea caused by
an inflammatory disorder of the intestine is:

Question 3
options:

A) Secretory

B) Small-volume

C) Motility

D) Large-volume

Question 4

Patients
who suffer from ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease have abdominal pain, which
is the result of distention and inflammation. This type of pain is known as:

Question 4
options:

A) Visceral

B) Referred

C) Referred

D) Somatic

Question 4

Patients
who suffer from ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease have abdominal pain, which
is the result of distention and inflammation. This type of pain is known as:

Question 4
options:

A) Visceral

B) Referred

C) Referred

D) Somatic

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 8 Knowledge Check

Question 1

The kidney
is able to keep the rate of glomerular perfusion and GFR fairly constant over a
range of arterial pressures. One mechanism responsible for the autoregulatory
response in the kidney is:

Question 1
options:

Myogenic
mechanism

Active
transport

Carrier
mechanism

Passive
transport

Question 2

Acute
cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder and is the most common site of UTIs.
A UTI is an inflammation of the urinary epithelium most usually caused by:

Question 2
options:

Fungus from
the perineal area

Bacteria
from gut flora

Herpes
simplex 2

A worm or
parasite

Question 3

Different
patterns of urinary sediment may be associated with varying types of
glomerulonephritis. The loss of the negative electrical charge across the
glomerular filtration

membrane
and an increase in filtration pore size enhances the movement of proteins into
the urine. The type of sediment characterized by the presence of blood and
varying degrees of protein in the urine is:

Question 3
options:

Nephritic

Urodynamic

Polymorphic

Crescentic

Question 4

An 11-year
old girl is seen in her pediatrician’s office. Her mother has scheduled an
appointment because she is concerned that her daughter is developing faster
than her friends. The pediatrician explains that a variety of factors influence
the timing of puberty. The young client states that she has worn a bra for
almost 2 years. Breast development is caused by the secretion of:

Question 4
options:

Estradiol

Androgens

Progesterone

Gonadotropin

Question 5

In female
adolescents, egg production occurs:

Question 5
options:

During
puberty

During
leptin secretion

During
embryonic development

During the
menstrual cycle

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 9 Knowledge Check

Question 1 A
52-year-old man is admitted into the hospital, awaiting a cervical spinal
fusion after suffering from an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accident. His chief
complaint is neck pain and numbness and tingling in his fingers. Concern exists
that he has suffered from some injury to his spinal cord.

During the
surgical procedure, the physicians order an examination to detect electrical brain
activity resulting from a stimulus to detect sensory pathway integrity. This
test is known as:

Question 1
options:

PET scan

Myelogram

EPs

fMRI

Question 2 Several
months ago, young woman fell while rock climbing; her left leg was wedged
tightly into a crevice. The resulting injury was severe and required amputation
below the knee. She reported to her physician that she continues to suffer from
phantom limb pain. The theory that best explains this type of pain is:

Question 2
options:

Gate
control theory (GCT)

Pattern
theory

Specificity
theory

Neuromatrix
theory

Question 3 A
psychiatrist is seeing a young man in his late teens after his mother notes
changes in her son’s behavior. For the past 6 months, the young man has become
enthralled with a specific television show, believing that the host is
specifically directing information to him. As the son walks in, the physician
notes that the young man’s personal hygiene has been neglected. The
psychiatrist talks to the son and notes that he repeatedly uses the same
phrases throughout the conversation. An initial diagnosis of schizophrenia is made.

The most
common symptoms in schizophrenia are:

Question 3
options:

Negative

Positive

Cognitive

Sensorimotor

Question 4 The
young man’s mother discusses the issues that concern her as she cares for her
son. She expresses feelings of stress and hopelessness and suffers from
insomnia. These are characteristic of:

Question 4
options:

Depression

General
anxiety disorder (GAD)

Bipolar
disorder

Panic
attacks

Question 5 An
ultrasound shows a child of approximately 29 weeks’ gestation with an apparent
posterior neural tube defect. An absence of amniotic fluid is evident,
suggesting a prior rupture of membranes. The child is diagnosed with a thoracic
myelomeningocele and is surgically repaired within 24 hours of delivery.

In addition
to this defect, the infant is at an increased risk of:

Question 5
options:

Chiari II
malformation

Craniosynostosis

Cortical
dysplasia

Cerebral
arteriovenous malformations

NSG5003 Advanced Pathophysiology

Week 10 Knowledge Check

Question 1As
the young mother is walking to her car, she becomes aware that someone is
following her. Her body responds with a “fight or flight” response, which is
regulated by the adrenal medulla’s secretion of:

Question 1
options:

Cortisol

Catecholamines

Glucocorticoids

Androgens

Question 2 Joints
are classified based on the degree of movement they permit or on the connecting
tissues that hold them together. A joint in which the two bony surfaces are
united by a ligament or membrane is called

Question 2
options:

Syndesmosis

Gomphosis

Articulation

Symphysis

Question 3 A 24-year-old mother visits her obstetrician’s
office 1 week after delivering her baby. She is having trouble with
breast-feeding and milk expression. The obstetrician prescribes a nasal spray
that will stimulate the posterior pituitary to release which one of the
following hormones?

Question 3
options:

Oxytocin

Prolactin

Calcitonin

Incretin

Question 4 A
15 year of boy suffered a complete separation of a ligament from its bony
attachment. This injury is known as

Question 4
options:

Lateral
epicondylopathy

Crepitus

Avulsion

Malunion

Question 5 Bone
formation requires collagen synthesis, fiber formation, and mineralization. The
majority of the mineral content in the body is an analog of which naturally
occurring mineral?

Question 5
options:

Periosteum

Procallus

Calcium
phosphate

Hydroxyapatite