NR542 Full Course Latest 2021 January

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 1 Discussion

Nurses in clinical practice manage most of the patient-related data and transform that data into usable information. Think about a data-management problem that could be resolved with a database. Explain the problem in detail, support the need to solve the problem with evidence from scholarly literature, and explain why you think a database is a reasonable solution. Consider situations about patient care, nursing practices, leadership or management, or education.. Think about a situation for which you wish to capture data over a long time period and for which you want to study various relationships. Provide three questions that you might want to ask of the database.

For example, in a database of patient falls for the entire hospital, you might ask the following questions.

• How many units had patient falls over the last year?

• On a specific unit with a high number of falls, what was the nurse/patient ratio at the time of each fall?

• Which patients on six specific units have fall-risk assessments?

Avoid questions about database functions or capabilities or questions about obtaining the data. For this course, we will assume those kinds of problems can be managed. The questions need to focus on who, what, when, where, or how aspects of the problem you want to solve. It could be helpful to your student peers to offer feedback on their questions.

(Please be aware that for the initial posting, in order to reach an acceptable level of performance, two scholarly sources must be presented. This is different from what you are used to in your core courses.  Please see discussion guidelines and rubric below.)

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 2 Discussion

Name two-to-five entities (also known as entity classes in your text) that will be part of your database. Explain why you have chosen these entities. Using the Chen format as shown and discussed in the Oppel text, draw an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram for two entities including their relationship; for one of the entities, also name the identifier. Attach the diagram to your discussion post as a PDF document. (Hand drawn diagrams are not acceptable; you may utilize a software program or Microsoft Word symbols to depict your diagram aspects).

Project Entities and Relationships

Reflect on your problem and name up to five entities (also known as entity classes in your text) that will be part of your database. Explain why you have chosen these entities. Draw an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram for one of the entities, name the identifier for the selected entity, and attach the drawing to the discussion post. (It is acceptable to draw the E-R diagram by hand or to use software and scan the diagram as a PDF file.)

To continue development of your database project, you will be working with data entities or data classes generated from your problem description and those sample questions from last week. You are not limited to just those questions, though. Thinking in advance of what you will ask the database can ensure that you have the right data names and, ultimately, the data values to supply the answers. In other words, what do you want to be able to extract or retrieve about your problem? You must then reflect on the data that you must input in order to obtain the output that you need.

Do not worry about getting the E-R diagram into a perfect form – the purpose is to learn about E-R diagrams and to determine if your data entitiesmake sense and have clear relationships. In the discussion threads, be sure to ask questions and help each other find the answers.

Tips for Developing Effective E-R Diagrams

1. Name each entity and its attributes

            a. Are all of the entities listed?

            b. Are there any duplicate entities? If so, remove the duplicates, since each entity should appearonly once in each diagram.

2. Describe the relationships between the entities.

            a. Does each of these relationships exist, or are they necessary?

            b. Have you missed any relationships?

            c. Are there any duplicate relationships? If there is redundancy, it must be removed.

3. Color coding can help you to quickly visualize the E-R Diagram. You should use colors to demonstrate

the key portions of the diagram. This is a technique that can be used with a team to show what each person thinks is important. Ask everyone to create their own E-R diagram and color code what they fill is the most important. Comparing E-R Diagrams can be aneye opener. When each person shares their diagram, it can help to get everyone on the same page.

Example E-R Diagram Format

 

Relationship

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Entity

Entity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E-R Diagram Enhanced with Color

 

 

 

Relationship

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Entity

Entity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                                                          

 

Example E-R Diagram

 

 

 

Reports to

Project

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Attribute

Project Manager

Program Director

Manages

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Can you fill in the other attributes?

What would you enhance with color?

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 3 Discussion

Standardizing language and data concepts are common problems informatics nursing specialists face when implementing projects and EMR systems.

o             Determine if your organization uses a nursing nomenclature recognized by the American Nurses Association.

o             Determine if data concepts such as Length of Stay (LOS) are standardized across the organization.

o             Do these terms clearly and comprehensively represent nursing care and nursing practice at your work setting? Why or why not?

o             If your work setting does not use a formal nursing nomenclature, apply these questions to the terms that are used.

o             Second, consider your database project. Could an ANA-recognized nomenclature be used in your database? Why or why not?

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 4 Discussion

Database Life Cycle

Based on the study phase of your database life cycle, describe how and why you selected the following:

•             Entities, Attributes and determined entity relationships

•             Describe in detail the model of design phase you are in with your database project and rationale.

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 5 Discussion

Strategies

Creating a database requires strategy. Without strategy and planning you will collect mounds of meaningless information that you are unable to turn into knowledge. Think about the information –management strategies and techniques that go into developing a database.  Share your strategy with the team this week including:

•             How might your selected information strategy be used for managing healthcare data/information in your facility to support evidence-based practice?

•             In this selected information strategy, what is the most difficult concept for you? Why is this concept difficult?

•             How does your current work setting use any of these techniques?

Include a Database Project Update:

•             What challenges have you experienced in converting the data model to a relational schema?

•             Explain the approach you took to develop a form and a view.

•             What insights about databases have you gained from converting the data model?

 

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 6 Discussion

Database Life Cycle

As you update your colleagues on your database project this week and.  discuss your testing plan including:

•             Current phase ie implementation, operations, maintenance and evolution

•             why the phase is important

•             testing plan in  excel or access

•             continuation beyond this term

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 7 Discussion

Decision Probabilities

As you analyze your data, the use of decision trees, predictive and prescriptive analytics can be helpful to consider.   In addition, you will also be applying evidence based practice findings and benchmarking as part of your analysis.

Share how you will use the tools in your current project and the potential opportunities for further application as you analyze the data in more depth.

 

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 3 Assignment

Database Plan

Purpose

This paper is intended to produce a plan for developing the database that must be submitted in Week 7 of this course. Students will gain experience in addressing key elements of a database plan.

Due Date: Sunday 11:59 p.m. (MT) at the end of Week 3

Total Points Possible:  125

REQUIREMENTS:

This 2-to-4page paper presents a database plan for a nursing or healthcare problem dealt with in the past or active in the present. Explain the problem and the reason(s) a database is needed. Provide a conceptual data model for the planned database. Name all the entities planned for the database and justify their selection. In an appendix, provide an E-R diagram that shows each entity, names the identifier for each entity, and illustrates the relationships between each entity, noting the cardinality.  In the paper, write a narrative explanation of key parts of the E-R diagram, including how you arrived at some of the decisions on relationships and cardinality. Include three questions planned for this database (the original questions from the discussion in week 1 may be used). Provide a recap of the paper and discuss insights on databases developed as a result of working on this assignment.Support all decisions from the scholarly literature.

PREPARING THE PAPER

Please Note:The database project will be developed in Microsoft Excel orAccess

Criteria for Content:

1.            An introduction informs about the topic of the paper and how it is organized.

2.            Explanation of the selected problem and why it needs a database as an information-management solution

3.            Explanation of a conceptual data model for the planned database

4.            All entities planned for the database are named.

5.            A justification or rationale for each entity is provided.

6.            TheE-R diagram for each entity is discussed briefly in the text and is found in an appendix.The E-R diagrams can be created for individual entities mapped to all other relevant entities or a single E-R diagram showing all entities and their relationships may be provided.

7.            The identifier for each entity is named. The identifier can be narrated in the paper or included with the E-R diagram in the appendix.

8.            The relationships between entities are discussed briefly in text and illustrated, including cardinality, in the E-R diagram in the appendix or in a separate appendix. 

9.            Three questions planned for the database are provided. The original questions presented in week 1 discussion may be used, or revised questions may be presented.

10.          A conclusion that recaps the paper and discusses insights gained from working on this assignment is presented.

Criteria for Paper Format and Special Instructions:

1.            E-R diagrams will be in an appendix with your 3 questions on the document.

2.            Illustrations of entity relationships will be in an appendix

3.            Drawings can be done with Microsoft Office tools, or with third-party software

4.            The database project will be developed in Microsoft Excel or Access

5.            All aspects of the paper must be in current APA format

6.            Only scholarly literature is used to support decisions

7.            The paper (excluding the title page, references, and appendices) must be 2-4 pages.

8.            A minimum of 3 references are required. One of the course texts may be used as a reference.

9.            Grammar, spelling, punctuation, citations, and references are consistent with formal academic writing.

 

NR542 Managing Data and Information

Week 5 Assignment

Relational Schema Paper

PURPOSE

This paper is intended to facilitate the database project through identification of the relational schema underlying the planned database.

REQUIREMENTS

In a2-to-3-page paper, explain the concept of relational tables and submit all of the relational tables for the database .Provide at least one data characteristic for each attribute. Explain how the tables relate to each other. Name the primary key for each table. Confirm any secondary keys and explain why they are used.

PREPARING THE ASSIGNMENT

Criteria for Content:

1.            An introduction informs the reader about the topic of the paper and how the paper will be organized

2.            The concept of relational tables is explained briefly

3.            The complete Entity-Relationship diagram will be updated from the initial diagram included in your Week 3 assignment incorporating any changes that were necessary to address your three questions and from your relational table work in this Week 5 assignment. The updated diagram will include the necessary entities, attributes including primary and secondary keys, and cardinality rules (i.e. properly drawn lines and symbols). If possible, please indicate which entities and/or attributes will utilize standard nomenclature.

4.            Relational tables, each with a unique name, are presented in standard relational-table format

5.            Foreachrelationaltable,attributesarenamed, along with one datacharacteristicfor each attribute. Thiscontent can be presentedin narrative form, as individual tables,or in vertical lists

6.            Theprimarykeyand anysecondarykeysforeachtable areidentified. Ifsecondarykeysare used,arationale isprovided

7.            Thepaper concludeswith a recap of the content and insightsgainedfromworking onthisassignment.

Criteria for Paper Format and Special Instructions:

1.            All aspectsof the paper areinAPAformatasexpressed inthecurrent edition,unless otherwise noted

2.            Only scholarlyliterature isusedtosupportdecisions

3.            Thepaper (excluding thetitle page, references,and appendix)is 2-3 pagesin length

4.            A minimumof two referencesarerequired. Oneof the coursetextsmaybe used asa reference.

5.            Grammar, spelling ,punctuation , and APA formatsareconsistentwithformal academic writing