Lackawanna PHL105 Mid-Term Latest 2021 (100% Graded)

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Question

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Question 1 Many people believe there is nothing to learn from history, especially ancient history. What cognitive bias explains the formation of this belief?

Availability Bias

Confirmation Bias

Bias Blind Spot

Dunning-Kruger Effect

Question 2 What is the Bias Blind Spot?

The assumption that everyone is more prone to thinking errors than you

Being immune to cognitive biases

Being unwittingly susceptible to cognitive biases

The phenomenon that makes objects in the car side mirror appear farther away than they actually are

Question 3 What is the reasonable and rational response to a complex issue where you have no expertise and the experts are roughly evenly split?

You should refrain from forming a conclusion on the matter

You should side with whichever experts you like more

You should continue to believe whatever you were raised to believe on the issue

You should believe whatever you want

Question 4 An argument, as philosophers use this term, is:

a group of statements, leading to a conclusion

a polite dispute, leading to tea and crumpets

an irrational contest, leading to a victor

a contentious debate, leading to physical violence

Question 5 The premises of an argument are …

the reason or evidence offered for believing the conclusion

always true

probably unimportant

usually false

 

 

Question 6  The conclusion of an argument is:

the claim the premises argue for

always the last statement

when everybody is too tired to continue

the evidence or reasoning presented

Question 7 An inductive argument tries to show that if the premises are all true, the conclusion is probably true.

True

False

Question 8 In a reductio ad absurdum argument, you begin by assuming the opposite of what you want to prove in order to show that this assumption leads to a contradiction.

True

False

Question 9 Consider the following argument:

All college teachers are full of themselves.

My Professor is a college teacher.

 Therefore, My Professor is full of himself.

This argument is a valid deductive argument.

True

False

Question 10 Reflect on a time when you were convinced of something by someone (in conversation or in writing) that you now realize may have been due to a cognitive bias. Discuss the situation and the relevant cognitive bias(es).

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