Houston SOCI1301 EXAM 5 Latest 2019 MAY

SOCI1301 Introduction to Sociology

EXAM 5

Question 1Which sociological perspective supports the notion that established physicians and medical school professors serve as mentors or role models who transmit knowledge, skills, and values to the passive learner—the medical student?

  interactionist perspective

  conflict perspective

  feminist perspective

  functionalist perspective

 Question 2In examining health, illness, and medicine as a social institution, which sociological perspective generally focuses on micro-level study of the roles played by health care professionals and patients?

  conflict perspective

  functionalist perspective

  interactionist perspective

  global perspective

 Question 3Research in the United States and other countries has consistently shown that people in the lower classes have

  higher rates of mortality and disability.

  lower rates of cancer and heart disease.

  lower mortality rates.

  both higher rates of mortality and disability and lower rates of cancer and heart disease.

 Question 4The measure that consists of the number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year is known as the

  growth rate.

  fertility rate.

  total fertility rate.

  birthrate.

 Question 5What reason do skeptics of conflict-based explanations give for why 43 percent of the people who live within 1 mile of hazardous waste treatment facilities in the U.S. do so?

  They choose to live in these ecological oases.

  Racial and ethnic minorities possess less power than others.

  Economics and discriminatory forces push them to live in these places.

  They like to live there due to the low housing prices.

 Question 6In what way has the global economic downturn that began in 2008 been a blessing for environmentalists?

  It pushed large numbers of low-income people out of their homes near toxic waste sites.

  It had the side effect of reducing consumption and, as a result, energy use.

  It led close to 200 nations to forge the environmental agreement known as the Kyoto Protocol.

  It brought environmental issues to the forefront of the national consciousness.

 Question 7In what year did the U.S. government enact both Medicare and Medicaid—two national health care programs receiving federal funding?

  1945

  1965

  1955

  1975

 Question 8Each year, how many acres of forest are cleared for crops and livestock?

  850,000 acres

  500,000 acres

  5.7 million acres

  1.3 million acres

 Question 9The growth rate of a society is simply the difference between births and deaths per 1,000 population.

  True

  False

 Question 10Sociologist Howard Waitzkin suggested that racial tensions helped explain which of the following?

  hypertension

  breast cancer

  diabetes

  lung disease

 Question 11The industrialized nations of North America and Europe account for only 12 percent of the world’s population but are responsible for what percentage of the world’s consumption?

  30 percent

  50 percent

  40 percent

  60 percent

 Question 12Stable population growth is the state of a population in which the number of births plus immigrants equals the number of deaths plus emigrants.

  True

  False

 Question 13Which critic of environmental policies notes that capitalist societies have increasing demands for products, for obtaining natural resources at minimal costs, and for manufacturing products as quickly and cheaply as possible—no matter what the long-term environmental consequences will be?

  Rachel Carson

  Karl Marx

  Paul Ehrlich

  Allan Schnaiberg

 

Question 14Mexican Americans may interpret their illnesses according to traditional practices and seek treatment in the form of curanderismo, which refers to

  euthanasia.

  holistic health care.

  satanic worship.

  None of these answers is correct.

 Question 15Sociologist Talcott Parsons suggests that the doctor-patient relationship is somewhat like that between

  teacher and students.

  peers.

  nurse and patient.

  parent and child.

 Question 16Which of the following is true about the health care Latinos receive?

  Latinos are more likely to seek treatment in clinics and emergency rooms.

  It is a myth that Latinos’ cultural beliefs affect their use of the health care system.

  Health care is typically poor due to cultural differences.

  Latinos receive more preventive care from primary physicians.

 Question 17The concept of the sick role is associated with which perspective?

  global perspective

  functionalist perspective

  interactionist perspective

  conflict perspective

 Question 18The number of people infected with HIV worldwide at the end of 2015 was

  37 million.

  35 thousand.

  300 million.

  3 million.

 Question 19The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008

  established the first federal role in treating mental illness.

  established standard criteria for diagnosing mental disorders.

  required insurers to extend comparable benefits for mental and physical health care.

  established government-sponsored community-based mental health centers.

 Question 20Culture contributes to differences in medical care and even how health is defined.

  True

  False

 Question 21Erin Brockovich, a movie starring Julia Roberts, examines a true-life event that revolved around environmental pollution in a working-class community by a major utility corporation that was apparently unconcerned about the long-term effects of the pollution on community residents. This movie illustrates which sociological concept?

  environmental racism

  demographic transition

  demographic intransigence

  environmental justice

 Question 22Which sociologist strongly criticized Malthus’s view that rising world population was the cause of social ills?

  Talcott Parsons

  Karl Marx

  Eliot Freidson

  Émile Durkheim

 Question 23The immigration to the U.S. of skilled workers, professionals, and technicians who are desperately needed in their home countries is referred to as

  golden opportunity.

  techno-flow.

  medicalization.

  brain drain.

 Question 24The Exxon Valdez incident in 1989 illustrates the nature of

  air pollution.

  land pollution.

  water pollution.

  nuclear contamination.

 Question 25Which perspective would place a priority on the fact that many major environmental organizations accept funding from oil companies and chemical giants and as a result emphasize limited reform rather than profound structural change?

  feminist perspective

  interactionist perspective

  functionalist perspective

  conflict perspective

 Question 26Who is more likely to have access to the Internet?

  a Latin American

  a Middle Easterner

  a North American

  an African

 Question 27Which term does Talcott Parsons use to characterize the feature of social change that involves social institutions becoming more specialized in their purposes?

  value generalization

  differentiation

  adaptive upgrading

  inclusion

 Question 28While walking through the mall, Joe witnessed a large group of what seemed like regular shoppers simultaneously drop their bags and perform a synchronized dance, after which each person picked up his or her belongings and walked off like nothing had happened. Joe witnessed

  a social movement.

  crowdsourcing.

  a flash mob.

  a craze.

 Question 29False consciousness is

  Leary’s term for a false sense of self that is drug-induced.

  Marx’s concept for actions that do not reflect the objective position of workers.

  Parsons’s concept for a state of euphoria when stability is achieved.

  Marx’s term for attitudes that do not reflect the objective position of workers.

 Question 30Which of the following is an example of nonmaterial culture?

  inventions

  technology

  artifacts

  ideas

 

Question 31One characteristic of new social movements is the desire to ally with the government to help bolster the cause.

  True

  False

 Question 32Rebellious craft workers in nineteenth-century England who destroyed new factory machinery as part of their resistance to the new Industrial Revolution were known as

  Shakers.

  Amish.

  Luddites.

  Rappites.

 Question 33The term vested interests refers to those people or groups who will profit in the event of social change.

  True

  False

 Question 34The writings of Auguste Comte and Émile Durkheim are illustrative of

  world systems theory.

  interactionist theory.

  evolutionary theory.

  conflict theory.

 Question 35Which of the following is an example of material culture?

  norms

  ideas

  technology

  communications

 Question 36Various religious groups and their followers are very upset about scientific advances in reproductive technology, such as birth control pills, abortion pills, in-vitro fertilization, and genetic engineering. This conflict between religious values and new scientific concepts illustrates

  nonmaterial culture.

  culture lag.

  material culture.

  cultural adaptation.

 Question 37Which sociological perspective would suggest that the Internet serves the manifest function of facilitating communication?

  conflict perspective

  functionalist perspective

  dramaturgical perspective

  interactionist perspective

 Question 38Émile Durkheim contended that societies progressed from

  non-cultured to cultured.

  simple to sophisticated.

  nonliterate to literate.

  simple to complex.

 Question 39The Electronic Communications Privacy Act, passed in 1986, requires the authorization of both the U.S. attorney general and a federal judge before surveillance of

  e-mail.

  telegrams.

  faxes.

  telephone calls.

 Question 40Which theory of social change holds that society is moving in a definite direction?

  evolutionary theory

  dichotomous change theory

  bisocial change theory

  multilinear evolutionary theory

 Question 41What perspective of collective behavior seeks to examine how people come together to undertake collective action?

  value-added perspective

  assembling perspective

  emergent-norm perspective

  evolutionary perspective

 Question 42A person needing to have his or her car repaired can go to a muffler store, a transmission shop, a tire retailer, or a gas station for a tune-up. Talcott Parsons refers to this type of specialization as

  adaptive upgrading.

  exclusion.

  inclusion.

  differentiation.

 Question 43Which sociologist pointed out that one cannot devise methods for controlling and utilizing new technology before the introduction of a technique, and that nonmaterial culture typically must respond to changes in material culture?

  William F. Ogburn

  Thorstein Veblen

  Talcott Parsons

  Sherry Turkle

 Question 44Which sociological perspective would likely be interested in the labels attached to activists associated with social movements, such as a feminist student referred to as a “bra burner”?

  conflict perspective

  epidemiological perspective

  functionalist perspective

  interactionist perspective

 Question 45Thorstein Veblen is responsible for coining the term

  fads.

  vested interests.

  nonmaterial culture.

  false consciousness.

 Question 46Which sociological perspective argues that when changes occur in one part of a society, there must be adjustments in other parts, and if these adjustments do not occur, the society’s equilibrium may be threatened?

  conflict perspective

  interactionist perspective

  functionalist perspective

  feminist perspective

 Question 47Which sociological perspective views transnationals as a way for economies to maximize their use of human labor?

  conflict theory

  functionalism

  world systems theory

  interactionism

 Question 48The expectation that African and Latin countries will change by moving in the same direction as Western societies is consistent with

  world systems theory.

  evolutionary theory.

  disengagement theory.

  resource mobilization theory.

 Question 49The role of women in the family has changed dramatically within the United States during the past 50 years. Women have furthered their education and developed careers. This change in the family has necessitated adaptive changes in school systems, corporations, churches, and other facets of society to provide childcare services. This situation reflects which view of social change?

  resource mobilization theory

  the emergent-norm perspective

  the equilibrium model

  stagnancy theory

 Question 50Which slang term is used to identify those who resist technological devices that have become part of our daily life?

  neo-Luddite

  neo-Amish

  urban amish

  Luddite