Harper PSY230 Chapter 3 Test–Models of Abnormality

Question 1According to ______, the self-actualization motive plays an important part in human functioning.

                cognitive theorists

                behaviorists

                psychoanalysts

                humanists

Question 2In explaining why women are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and depression twice as often as men, multicultural therapists would focus on:

                the biological differences between men and women.

                the different patterns of communication displayed by men and women.

                prejudice and discrimination faced by women.

                the level of rationality in the thought patterns of women.

Question 3A general term used for theories such as Freud’s and Jung’s is:

                psychiatric.

                biological.

                psychodynamic.

                psychophysical.

Question 4Poverty has been found to play a key role in the development of which of the following disorders:

                severe depression.

                PTSD.

                psychosis.

                all of the above.

Question 5A student blatantly admits to cheating when he posts that for his online psychology course, he found all of the answers to the tests very quickly from online sources. Rather than accept his behavior indicates that he is dishonest and behaves unethically, he blames the professor for making the course too easy and a course where you don’t learn anything.  The ego defense mechanism he is using to distort the reality of the facts and reduce his unconscious anxiety regarding his cheating is:

                repression.

                rationalization.

                intellectualization.

                sublimation.

Question 6In science, the perspectives used to explain events are known as:

                theories

                paradigms

                facts

                hypotheses

Question 7According to family systems theory, families that show “disengagement” are characterized by:

                members who are overinvolved in one another’s lives.

                parents who have a “laissez-faire” parenting style.

                children who very seldom fight.

                rigid boundaries between family members.

Question 8Infants tend to do things that feel good. This is in accord with what Freud called:

                reflexes.

                the pleasure principle.

                primary process thought.

                secondary process thought.

Question 9If a patient is being guided to challenge illogical thinking and to try out new interpretations, the patient is most likely being treated by a follower of:

                Beck.

                Freud.

                Bandura.

                Wolpe.

Question 10The model most likely to use terms such as “resistance” and “transference” is the ______ model.

                psychodynamic

                behavioral

                humanist-existential

                sociocultural

Question 11The model emphasizing the importance of conditioning in determining human actions is the __________ model.

                psychodynamic

                interpersonal

                humanistic-existential

                behavioral

Question 12If a mother seems excessively involved with her child’s activities, thoughts, and feelings such that the two do not seem to be independent people, their relationship is said to be:

                externalized.

                cultural.

                enmeshed.

                engaged.

Question 13Providing effective treatment to specific persons who have already developed moderate or severe disorders so that these disorders do not become long-term problems, is called:

                primary prevention.

                secondary prevention.

                tertiary prevention.

                quaternary prevention.

Question 14If a client-centered therapist was treating a very anxious woman, the therapist would try to:

                point out her misconceptions.

                give insightful interpretations of her statements.

                identify the client’s unreasonable ideas and feelings.

                show unconditional positive regard for her statements.

Question 15Researchers using the biological model now understand that psychological disorders can result from:

                poor parenting.

                problems in the transmission of messages from neuron to neuron.

                cultural biases.

                improper assessment of the surrounding stimuli.

Question 16According to Freud’s psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that is the conscience is the:

                id.

                ego.

                superego.

                ego ideal.

Question 17Which of the following statements is the best example of the biopsychosocial perspective?

                There is one legitimate approach to understanding mental disorders.

                Abnormality is best explained by sociocultural stressors a person experiences.

                Eclectic approaches fail to take interactions of various models into account.

                Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, biological, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social and cultural influences.

Question 18In terms of the behavioral model, if the consequences of a behavior are satisfying, they are called:

                operants.

                models.

                reinforcers.

                illogical thinking.

Question 19 What is libido?

                the same thing as the id.

                the source of pleasure.

                the sexual energy that fuels the id.

                the sum of the id’s instinctual needs.

Question 20Huntington’s disease, which has psychological as well as physical aspects, results from loss of cells in the:

                corpus callosum and occipital lobe.

                basal ganglia and cerebral cortex.

                hippocampus and temporal lobe.

                amygdala and hippocampus.