Gateway Anatomy and Physiology 2 Module 2 Quiz Latest 2022 September

Anatomy and Physiology 2 ACE

Module 2 Quiz

1David has been feeling tired lately, and after having blood work completed, it shows elevated TSH, low iodine, and low thyroid hormone levels. Predict the possible cause from the choices below.

Too little information is given to determine the cause.

David could possibly have a thyroid tumor.

David could have a pituitary gland tumor.

David may have iodine deficiency that is causing his thyroid to produce too little thyroid hormone.

2Sympathetic neurons can serve as __________ stimuli for hormone release from certain endocrine organs.

autocrine

neural

paracrine

humoral

3If both ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels increase, which of the following would occur?

ACTH production is increased even more by positive feedback.

Aldosterone levels will increase.

High cortisol levels will begin to cause ACTH levels to decline.

High ACTH levels will begin to cause cortisol levels to decline.

4Which of the following statements regarding hormone transport and distribution is FALSE?

Plasma protein concentration has no influence on free hormone concentration.

Hormones can be transported free in the plasma or bound to plasma proteins.

Only free hormones can diffuse through capillary walls and bind to target tissues.

Hormones bind only to certain types of plasma proteins.

5A water-soluble hormone binds to its receptor on the plasma membrane. Arrange the events that follow in correct sequence.

   (1) Alpha subunit-GTP complex alters cell activity

 (2) GTP binds to the alpha subunit replacing GDP

 (3) G-protein subunits separate from the receptor

 (4) Alpha subunit separates from other two subunits

 (5) G-protein subunits bind to the receptor

5, 4, 2, 1, 3

4, 2, 1, 3, 5

5, 2, 3, 4, 1

3, 4, 1, 2, 5

6Thromboxane is a chemical mediator released by platelets. Thromboxane promotes the aggregation of platelets which results in platelet plug formation during hemostasis. Thromboxane would therefore be classified as a/an __________.

autocrine chemical messenger

paracrine chemical messenger

neurotransmitter

endorphin

7Emily is in labor with her first child. The amplitude-modulated system would show her oxytocin levels __________.

to have a moderate signal

to have a strong signal

too weak to measure

to have a weak signal

8All of the following are characteristics of the pituitary gland except

influences the secretion of other endocrine glands.

rests in the sphenoid bone.

located superior to the hypothalamus.

is regulated by the hypothalamus.

Results for question 9.

9After a meal, blood glucose levels rise and stimulate the release of insulin. Of which type of stimulation is this an example?

Hypothalamic

Neural

Hormonal

Humoral        

10See the image of the chemical messenger below. Select the correct description.

Secreted into the blood by specialized cells. Travels some distance to target tissues. Results in coordinated regulation of cell function.

Produced by a wide variety of tissues and secreted into extracellular fluid. Has a localized effect on nearby tissues.

Produced by neurons. Secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. Travels short distances. Influences postsynaptic cells.

Secreted by cells in a local area. Influences the activity of the same cell from which it was secreted.

11Nancy is 8 months pregnant. Her physician mentioned that the placental LH-like hormone levels had decreased. Should Nancy be concerned?

Yes; the secretion of an LH-like substance by the placenta throughout the pregnancy is necessary to maintain the pregnancy.

No; the placenta doesn’t normally secrete an LH-like substance at any time during pregnancy.

Yes; a drop in the secretion of an LH-like substance this late in the pregnancy will disrupt normal embryonic development.

No; the secretion of an LH-like substance by the placenta is important in the first trimester, and Nancy’s pregnancy is beyond the first trimester.

12Which of the following is NOT an action of parathyroid hormone?

Increases enzymatic formation of active vitamin D

Stimulates increased reabsorption of Ca  2+ in the kidneys

Decreases the release of phosphate from bone

Stimulates osteoclast activity resulting in the release of Ca  2+

13See the image of the chemical messenger below. Select the correct description.

Produced by neurons. Secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. Travels short distances. Influences postsynaptic cells.

Secreted into the blood by specialized cells. Travels some distance to target tissues. Results in coordinated regulation of cell function.

Produced by a wide variety of tissues and secreted into extracellular fluid. Has a localized effect on nearby tissues.

Secreted by cells in a local area. Influences the activity of the same cell from which it was secreted.

14See the image of the chemical messenger below. Select the correct description.

Secreted into the blood by specialized cells. Travels some distance to target tissues. Results in coordinated regulation of cell function.

Produced by neurons. Secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. Travels short distances. Influences postsynaptic cells.

Secreted by cells in a local area. Influences the activity of the same cell from which it was secreted.

Produced by a wide variety of tissues and secreted into extracellular fluid. Has a localized effect on nearby tissues.

See the image of the brain below.

15Match A in the drop down.

Optic chiasm

16Match B in the drop down.

Pituitary gland

17Match C in the drop down.

Hypothalamus

18Match D in the drop down.

Mammillary body

19Match E in the drop down.

Infundibulum

20See the image of the chemical messenger below. Select the correct description.

Secreted into the blood by specialized cells. Travels some distance to target tissues. Results in coordinated regulation of cell function.

Produced by a wide variety of tissues and secreted into extracellular fluid. Has a localized effect on nearby tissues.

Secreted by cells in a local area. Influences the activity of the same cell from which it was secreted.

Produced by neurons. Secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. Travels short distances. Influences postsynaptic cells.