FSU PSYC320 Quiz 12 Latest 2021 January

PSYC320 Theories of Learning

Quiz 12

Question 1Research has demonstrated that humans:

  begin showing habituation to sounds at about 2 months of age.

  show evidence of working memory abilities before they are born.

  do not demonstrate operant conditioning until they are about 1 year old.

  can demonstrate learning of basic sounds and language before they are born.

 Question 2Down syndrome is:

  much more likely in children born to younger fathers.

  much less likely in children born to older mothers.

 

  much more likely in children born to older mothers.

  usually due to a genetic accident occurring in the father.

 Question 3A tiny protrusion on a dendrite where a synapse may form is known as a:

  myelin sheath.

  neurotransmitter.

  neuron.

  spine.

 Question 4Individuals with Down syndrome:

  have a larger-than-normal hippocampus at 3 months of age.

  show normal episodic memory as children.

  have a smaller-than-normal cerebellum in adolescence.

  have visibly smaller brains at birth.

 Question 5Mutations on which genes seem to be associated with early-onset Alzheimer’s?

  APP, PS1, and PS2

  APP, PS2, and APOE

  CLU, PICALM, and APOE

  CLU, PICALM, and CR1

 Question 6In a paired-associate learning test, elderly adults:

  outperform college students under most conditions.

  experience more problems during retrieval than during encoding.

  are better than college students in a directed forgetting test.

  perform well if items are presented at a slower pace during study.

 Question 7The technique of elicited imitation is used for assessing memories in infants because infants:

  cannot perceive sounds well enough to learn them.

  cannot use language to respond in standard recall and recognition tests.

  do not respond to classical-conditioning situations.

  learn more rapidly than older children do.

 Question 8In Alzheimer’s disease, the hippocampus is _____ than normal, which is the _____ in healthy aging.

  larger; same as

  smaller; same as

  smaller; opposite of

  larger; opposite of

 Question 9Which gene appears to help modify synaptic plasticity and may be associated with the rate at which we forget new information?

  SNC1A

  WWC1

  BDNF

  5-HT2AR

 Question 10Based on the Seattle Longitudinal Study, as people age from their twenties to their fifties, most types of memory:

  gradually increase.

  increase into the thirties and decline.

  gradually decline.

  remain relatively stable.

 Question 11People who _____ have a decreased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

  are physically active

  spend most of their time alone

  watch a lot of TV

  sleep a lot

 Question 12Which type of memory ability is usually the first to show signs of impairment in people with Alzheimer’s disease?

  episodic

  skill

  semantic

  long term

 Question 13Aiko is 5 years old, and her parents have just moved from Japan to the United States. Since the Japanese language does not make a distinction between the /l/ and /r/ sounds, what will happen to Aiko’s and her parents’ abilities to distinguish between these sounds in the United States?

  Neither Aiko nor her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction.

  Both Aiko and her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction.

  Aiko will be able to learn to make the distinction, but her parents will not.

  Aiko’s parents will be able to learn to make the distinction, but Aiko will not.

 Question 14The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in the textbook which tested recall of the hiding of three different stuffed toys showed that:

  6-year-olds could remember semantic information but not episodic information.

  4-year-olds provided more s than 3-year-old children.

  4-year-olds remembered episodic information better than semantic information.

  8-year-olds made more extra-experimental errors than intra-experimental errors.

 Question 15Mutations on the _____ gene seem to be associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s.

  PS2

  APOE

  APP

  PS1

 Question 16People with two _____ alleles have a higher risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease, while people with one or two _____ alleles have a reduced risk.

  E2; E4

  E2; E3

  E4; E2

  E3; E4

 Question 17A fetus is sufficiently developed to start perceiving and learning about sounds by about _____ week(s) gestational age.

  10

  25

  2

  1

 Question 18Deficits in working memory in old age may be due to loss of neurons in the:

  cerebellum.

  basal ganglia.

  prefrontal cortex.

  hippocampus.

 Question 19Down syndrome is caused by a condition in which an embryo inherits three (rather than two) copies of chromosome:

  23.

  20.

  24.

  21.

 Question 20A person’s digit span:

  improves slightly in elderly adults.

  drops drastically in elderly adults.

  remains stable throughout life.

  drops slightly in elderly adults.