FSU PSYC320 Quiz 10 Latest 2021 January

PSYC320 Theories of Learning

Quiz 10

Question 1Depressed people are more likely to recall unpleasant memories than pleasant memories. This is an example of:

  flashbulb memory.

  avoidance learning.

  learned helplessness.

  mood congruency of memory.

 Question 2When researchers exposed dogs to an inescapable shock and then put the dogs in a situation in which they could escape the shock, the dogs:

  quickly learned to escape the shock.

  learned to escape the shock if it was extremely painful.

  did not learn to escape the shock.

  learned to escape the shock if a warning tone was first presented.

 Question 3Physiological responses that correlate with the emotion of fear:

  prove the existence of emotions in nonhuman animals.

  are present in humans but not in nonhuman animals.

  are very different in humans than in nonhuman animals.

  are consistent with the existence of emotions in nonhuman animals.

 Question 4Which statement is an example of an overt behavior caused by an emotion?

  Nancy is very sad when she misses her boyfriend.

  Uma feels her heart rate increase right before she gives a presentation at work.

  Derrick screams loudly when his brother startles him.

  Greg is elated when his soccer team wins the playoffs.

 Question 5One difference between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias is that:

  with PTSD, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with phobias the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli.

  PTSD, but not phobias, can be explained by classical conditioning.

  with phobias, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with PTSD the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli.

  phobias, but not PTSD, can be explained by classical conditioning.

 Question 6A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

  emotion.

  arousal.

  the fear response.

  the stress response.

 Question 7Whenever a child has a tantrum, his mother has learned to put the child in his bedroom and close the door in order to get away from his yelling and screaming. This is an example of:

  conditioned escape.

  conditioned avoidance.

  learned helplessness.

  perseveration.

 Question 8Another name for arousal, or the collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat, is:

  emotion.

  the stress response.

  the fight-or-flight response.

  the fear response.

 Question 9An excessive and irrational fear of an object, place, or situation is called:

  posttraumatic stress disorder.

  learned helplessness.

  a phobia.

  depression.

 Question 10A rat that is placed in a pool of water can learn to locate and climb onto a submerged platform in order to get out of the water. This is an example of:

  conditioned escape.

  perseveration.

  learned helplessness.

  conditioned avoidance.

 Question 11The therapy approach for PTSD that may require the patient to repeatedly imagine and describe the feared situations under the guidance of a therapist is known as:

  systematic desensitization therapy.

  extinction therapy.

  directed forgetting.

  mental mapping.

 Question 12_____ is released in response to arousal signals from the autonomic nervous system.

  Serotonin

  Estrogen

  Stress hormone

  Dopamine

 

Question 13If a researcher blocks norepinephrine and has people listen to an emotionally arousing story, they will remember:

  the beginning of the story better than the end.

  all parts of the story equally.

  the emotional parts of the story better than the unemotional parts.

  the unemotional parts of the story better than the emotional parts.

 Question 14When Talarico and Rubin (2003) studied students’ memories of 9/11, they found that the students:

  forgot some things but didn’t change any of their memories.

  had consistently high recall over time.

  completely changed what they recalled when questioned weeks later.

  remembered fewer details as time went on.

 Question 15The defense membrane used by the brain that controls the passage of substances from the blood into the central nervous system is referred to as the:

  stress hormone.

  blood–brain barrier.

  norepinephrine block.

  epinephrine block.

 Question 16Different emotions leading to similar types of physiological responses is a problem for which theory of emotion?

  fight-or-flight response theory

  two-factor theory

  Cannon–Bard theory

  James–Lange theory

 Question 17Which memory is an example of a flashbulb memory?

  remembering the first time you saw the ocean

  remembering happy words because you are feeling happy

  remembering neutral words because you weren’t happy or sad when you learned them

  remembering a social media posting you saw last night

 Question 18A classical conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that the:

  fear that occurs once the trauma is gone is a UR.

  traumatic event is a CS.

  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are CSs.

  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are USs.

 Question 19Lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala disrupt the ability to respond to _____ in a conditioned emotional response paradigm.

  the CS but not the US

  the US but not the CS

  neither the CS nor the US

  both a CS and a US

 Question 20Five-year-old Lisa has learned that loud thunder usually follows a bolt of lightning. As soon as she sees lightning, she covers her ears to avoid the loud thunder. According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning, covering her ears is reinforced because:

  it removes the fear that has become associated with the lightning.

  it stops her from seeing the lightning.

  she starts to believe there will not be any thunder.

  it removes the fear that has become associated with the thunder.