ASHWORTH CO4 LESSON 1 EXAM Latest 2018 September Question # 00603463 Subject: Education Due on: 08/06/2019 Posted On: 08/06/2019 11:54 AM Tutorials: 1 Rating: 4.7/5

C04V Introduction
to Psychology

LESSON 1
EXAM

Question 1As Cecilia is getting ready for the orchestra
performance in which she is about to participate, she takes time to tune her
violin. She listens carefully to the pitch of each string, which is indicated
by the __________ of the sound wave it produces, to determine if she needs to
make an adjustment in the instrument.

Question options:

wavelength

frequency

timbre

amplitude

Question 2What is the main reason why many people do not
believe that psychology is a science?

Question options:

Because much of what psychologists study may be personally
experienced.

Because much of what psychologists study are abstract
concepts that have no bearing on the real world.

Because psychology does not use the rigorous research methodologies
of the “hard sciences” like physics and chemistry.

Because the uniqueness and individuality of every human
being makes it truly impossible to generate any scientifically based theories
that apply to larger groups of people.

Question 3__________ refers to the way we select, organize,
and interpret sensory information.

Question options:

Sensation

Gustation

Olfaction

Perception

Question 4What did John Locke mean when he stated that the
human mind is a tabula rasa?

Question options:

Human beings are naturally evil.

Human beings are like sponges that can only hold a specific
amount of information.

Human beings are born with no innate knowledge.

Human beings are nothing more than the sum of our
chromosomes, and we can never exceed the restrictions of genetics.

Question 5It is a commonly known fact that dogs have a much
keener sense of smell than do human beings. What is not commonly known,
however, is why. Because you have studied psychophysics, you know the answer to
this question. What is it?

Question options:

Dogs have a better sense of smell because their sense of
smell compensates for the fact that their sense of taste is so poorly
developed.

Dogs have a better sense of smell because their noses are
proportionally larger than the noses of human beings.

Dogs have a better sense of smell because they have far more
scent receptors than do human beings.

Dogs have a better sense of smell because their olfactory
processing centers are larger than the same part of the brain in human beings.

Question 6Once you have established a problem that can be
studied empirically, the next step is to identify the variables that will be
investigated. How many variables that can change throughout an experiment
should a researcher investigate?

Question options:

Only one variable can change throughout an experiment.

Exactly three variables can change throughout an experiment.

The number of variables that can change throughout an
experiment may differ based on the particular research question.

It is impossible to limit the number of variables that can
change throughout an experiment.

Question 7An area of reduced sound around the ear farther
away from where a sound originates is referred to as a sound __________.

Question options:

umbra

muting

depression

shadow

Question 8Lizette is having a conversation with her sister
Drew, who happens to be a psychology researcher. “You know, I really don’t
understand how you can claim that psychology is a science,” Lizette says. “You
just ask questions and guess as to what the right answer is!” Drew smiles at
Lizette and says, “Well, I don’t think that you understand much about
psychology, sis! We believe in empiricism, which means that __________.”

Question options:

the use of logic is an adequate means with which to draw
conclusions to problems

new knowledge comes from our experiences

there really is no right or wrong, but rather just
individual perspectives

as long as you cannot disprove a researcher’s findings, that
research is valid

Question 9Ben and Marcie are having a very deep conversation
while Ben is cooking dinner for them to enjoy. He gets so distracted by their
chat that he fails to realize he is about to place his hand on a scalding hot
pan. Just as he is about to get burned, he yanks his hand away with a shout.
“Whew,” Ben says. “It’s a good thing my __________ were working, or I might not
have realized that pan was so hot until it was too late!”

Question options:

heat-sensitive neurons

burn-aware neurons

efferent neurons

sensory neurons

Question 10What happens to an action potential when it comes
to one of the nodes of Ranvier?

Question options:

The action potential jumps from node to node, which is how
it moves down the axon with great speed.

The action potential gets rebounded back to the soma, where
it has to be reestablished.

The action potential dissipates and fails to make it to the
next neuron, which is why illnesses that cause the nodes of Ranvier are so
devastating.

The action potential causes neurotransmitters to be released
from the node.

Question 11When you drive down the street listening to your
car’s radio, you may not think about the fact that the music is received by the
radio’s antenna. Which part of the human neuron serves the same purpose as an
antenna – that is, receiving information?

Question options:

somas

dendrites

synaptic knobs

axon termini

Question 12The __________ is responsible for
survival-oriented functions such as breathing, cardiac function, and basic
arousal.

Question options:

brainstem

limbic system

somatic nervous system

heart

Question 13Which of the following is found in the definition
of the term psychology?

Question options

scientific study

cognition

relationships

experimental methods

Question 14Dr. Esterson is studying the effect of caffeine
on laboratory rats. He has decided that he will give the rats 100 mg of
caffeine three times a day and then run them through mazes at various points to
see if there is any change in the time it takes to complete the maze. Based on
his review of existing research addressing this topic, Dr. Esterson believes
that the rats will complete the maze the fastest immediately after they ingest
the caffeine. Dr. Esterson’s belief about the results he will find is called a
__________.

Question options

covariate

construct

theory

hypothesis

Question 15Forming a hypothesis is the third step in a
scientific investigation. This step is derived from which goal of psychology?

Question options:

describing

explaining

predicting

controlling

Question 16Because you are bored one afternoon, you decide
to try a little experiment. You open your eye very wide, extend your thumb, and
then poke yourself in the eye. Aside from being very foolish and in a lot of
pain, you may learn something about your eye when you engage in this
masochistic behavior. The very first thing your thumb would touch as it made
contact with your eye would be the __________.

Question options:

cornea

retina

lens

iris

Question 17A good friend of yours tells you that he has a
new job at a bakery. “Oh man, you are so lucky,” you tell him. “You get to
smell that fresh bread and the donuts all day long. I’d LOVE to work there.”
Your buddy shakes his head and says, “You know, that’s what I thought, but
after I’m there for a few minutes I don’t even smell the baked goods that much
anymore.” Because you’ve studied psychology, you know that his loss of
responsiveness to the great scents is explained by sensory __________.

Question options:

adaptation

minimization

transformation

declination

Question 18 You come to an intersection where the traffic
lights are all malfunctioning. In order to make sure that everyone gets where
they are going, a police officer is directing traffic so that as cars come into
the intersection they are sent to their correct destination safely. This is
very similar to what the __________ does, as it directs sensory information to
the correct part of the cerebral cortex.

Question options:

thalamus

hippocampus

amygdala

reticular formation

Question 19 People who have relationship difficulties
clearly have unresolved unconscious issues that remain from difficult
experiences during childhood,” a researcher hypothesizes. What is the basic
error of this hypothetical statement?

Question options:

It is too subjective and may be based on the researcher’s
own personal issues.

It is not based on any specific, clearly stated problem.

It cannot be proven or disproven and thus is not open to
scientific inquiry.

It has been presented before any empirical data was
collected to verify it.

Question 20 Luther is a graduate student in clinical
psychology, and his thesis research centers on uncovering the precursors of
generalized anxiety disorder in college undergraduates. The main question he is
asking is, “Why do college undergraduate students seem more susceptible to the
symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder than non-students of the same age?”
Which goal of psychology is Luther’s research exploring?

Question options:

description

explanation

prediction

control