APU PSYC300 Week 4 Midterm Exam Latest 2019 January Question # 00597845 Subject: Education Due on: 02/06/2019 Posted On: 02/06/2019 12:52 PM Tutorials: 1 Rating: 4.7/5

PSYC300
Research Methods in Psychology

Midterm
Exam – Week 4

Question 1

Professor Adams is constructing a demographic questionnaire
for use in a research project. One question asks students to report whether
they are currently living in an “urban”, “suburban”, or
“rural” setting. This is an example of a/an:

A. nominal scale

B. ordinal scale

C. interval scale

D. ration scale

Question 2

Which of the following represents a null hypothesis?

A. Class A high school basketball teams who
employ a sports psychologist will have a higher proportion of wins over the
course of the season than comparable teams who do not employ a sports
psychologist.

B. There will be no difference in rate of skill
improvement between college gymnasts who practice meditation and those who do
not.

C. Does incorporating relaxation exercises into
the daily practice routine of college vocal majors enhance their performance
confidence?

D. None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following represents a research hypothesis?

A. Class A high school basketball teams who
employ a sports psychologist will have a higher proportion of wins over the
course of the season than comparable teams who do not employ a sports
psychologist.

B. There will be no difference in rate of skill
improvement between college gymnasts who practice meditation and those who do
not.

C. Does incorporating relaxation exercises into
the daily practice routine of college vocal majors enhance their performance
confidence?

D. None of the above

Question 4

In a _______, each participant is tested under all
conditions.

A. carryover effect

B. practice effect

C. within-subjects experiment

D. fatigue effect

Question 5

The ______ of psychology—the diagnosis and treatment of
psychological problems—is one important application of the scientific
discipline of psychology.

A. clinical practice

B. treatment field

C. addiction field

D. mental health field

Question 6

________ is written by a single author or a small group of
authors and usually gives a coherent presentation of a topic much like an
extended review article. Edited volumes have an editor or a small group of
editors who recruit many authors to write separate chapters on different
aspects of the same topic.

A. A professional journal

B. A scholarly book

C. A monograph

D. An edited volume

Question 7

When considering general criteria for high-quality research
projects, replicability refers to the fact that:

A. the research design allows the researcher to
control those factors that are central to the success of the project.

B. another researcher, using the same procedures
under the same circumstances to research the same question, would obtain
comparable results.

C. a well-designed research project could be
carried out by a specific individual conducting research in the same
field.

D. the phenomena of interest must be quantified
in some systematic way.

Question 8

Charlotte, an anthropologist, has been living in an Incan
village for three years. During that time Charlotte has become expert in Incan
weaving by observing and imitating the master weavers in the community. For
Charlotte, observing weaving constitutes:

A. primary data

B. secondary data

C. informal data

D. nonempirical data

Question 9

Charlotte wrote a book about her experience as an
anthropologist living in an Incan village for three years and becoming an
expert weaver. Her book was widely read by other anthropologists, including
Mira, who is an expert in Navaho weaving. For Mira, Charlotte’s book
constitutes:

A. hearsay data

B. secondary data

C. informal data

D. primary data

Question 10

Sean, a high school wrestler, has agreed to participate in a
study of cardiovascular conditioning. He is left somewhat confused when, at the
first research session, he is asked to complete a questionnaire about commonly
purchased grocery items. Sean’s confusion indicates a lack of ______ regarding
the task.

A. construct validity

B. content validity

C. criterion validity

D. face validity

Question 11

A researcher decides to use a high school sample to test the
relationship between her new measure of empathy and a well-established measure
of interpersonal sensitivity. She finds that the two instruments are highly
related, which supports the ______ of the new instrument.

A. predictive validity

B. content validity

C. criterion validity

D. face validity

Question 12

A researcher designed a new questionnaire to measure
political conservatism. To test out his new instrument, he asks people leaving
their polling place on election day to report their degree of political
conservatism on a scale of 1 (low) to 10 (high) and then complete his
questionnaire. Results show that people who identified themselves as political
conservatives also had the highest scores on his questionnaire. This is an
indication of the ______ of the new instrument.

A. criterion validity

B. content validity

C. face validity

D. predictive validity

Question 13

Don and Jane are studying aggression among preschool
children. Separately, they each watch a videotape of four children interacting
in a playroom and then rate each child on the level of aggression displayed
during the play session. They compare their completed ratings and are pleased
to note they are highly similar. This is an example of ______ reliability.

A. interrater

B. internal consistency

C. equivalent form

D. test-retest

Question 14

Dr. Stevens is testing a 10-question measure of achievement
motivation. He notes that if his respondents agree with the first question,
they tend to also agree with the other nine. Likewise, if his respondents
disagree with the first question, they tend of disagree with the other nine.
This is an indication of good ______ reliability.

A. interrater

B. internal consistency

C. equivalent form

D. test-retest

Question 15

Professor Page is studying civic-mindedness among senior
citizens. She administers a survey of civic mindedness to a senior citizens
group in early April, then again in early May. By comparing the two sets of
scores, the professor can assess the ______ reliability of her measure of
civic-mindedness.

A. interrater

B. internal consistency

C. equivalent form

D. test-retest

Question 16

Dr. Davenport wants to conduct a study of whether high
school students learn more efficiently while seated at a desk compared to in an
easy chair. She knows there is a large research literature regarding similar
influences on learning, and she wants to see if the findings hold true with a
group of high school history students. Moreover, as a researcher she is uneasy
with a lack of structure. You recommend that Dr. Davenport conduct a ______
study.

A. quantitative

B. qualitative

Question 17

Dr. Greenhill wants to know how it is that some early
adolescents come to make a connection between their personal lifestyle and
environmental problems, while others don’t. Furthermore, among those who see
the connection, why do some become committed to environmentalism while others
do not? Dr. Greenwald looks forward to probing the thoughts of young teens on
these issues and trying to see the questions and issues through “14-year-old
eyes.” You recommend that Dr. Greenhill conduct a ______ study.

A. quantitative

B. qualitative

Question 18

Scientific research is relevant to _______ because it
provides detailed and accurate knowledge about psychological problems and
establishes whether treatments are effective.

A. psychology

B. addiction

C. clinical practice

D. professors

Question 19

______ in psychology is conducted primarily for the sake of
achieving a more detailed and accurate understanding of human behavior, without
necessarily trying to address any particular practical problem.

A. Statistical research

B. Qualitative research

C. Basic research

D. Applied research

Question 20

In ______ research proposal(s), specific hypotheses
regarding findings are often stated.

A. both quantitative and qualitative

B. neither quantitative and qualitative

C. a quantitative

D. a qualitative

Question 21

Describe three benefits of conducting a thorough review of
existing literature before writing a research proposal.

Question 22

Concepts, ideas, opinions, feelings, and other intangible
entities are often labeled as “insubstantial phenomena.” Select one of the
following 3 phenomena that would be considered insubstantial, and explain two
different ways — one qualitative and one quantitative — that you might measure
it: a) the closeness of undergraduates’ social network friends; b) the “campus
climate” at your university; c) “irrational exuberance” about the stock market.

Question 23

In regard to quantitative research proposals, novice researchers
often find it very challenging and tedious to explain in detail how the data
will be analyzed and interpreted in their study. Explain why it is essential
that the researcher not cut corners in this section of the proposal

Question 24

Graduate professors like to insist that the completion of
thesis or dissertation research is not merely an “academic exercise” or final
hurdle to obtaining the desired degree. Explain at least two personal benefits
that the individual derives from completing a high- quality thesis or
dissertation. Then explain at least two societal benefits that follow from the
individual’s completion of a high-quality thesis or dissertation.